Glossary 1기리쉬를 xbet Related Links
A
ACC/ AHA stages
1기리쉬를 xbet stages in 1기리쉬를 xbet progression of heart failure that appeared in 1기리쉬를 xbet ACC/AHA (American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association) heart failure guidelines in 2001.
ACE 1기리쉬를 xbethibitor
By inhibiting the enzyme (ACE) that changes angiotensin I into the blood pressure raising substance angiotensin II, this drug lowers blood pressure 1기리쉬를 xbet reduces the burden on the heart. It is used not to lower blood pressure, but to treat heart failure.
ACE: Angiotens1기리쉬를 xbet Convert1기리쉬를 xbetg Enzyme
Acute exacerbation
1기리쉬를 xbet sudden worsening of symptoms.
Aldosterone antagonists
These drugs stimulate sodium 1기리쉬를 xbet water excretion in the kidneys, suppress potassium excretion, 1기리쉬를 xbet increase urine volume. The excretion of excess water in the body results in lower blood pressure 1기리쉬를 xbet decreased swelling. These drugs are also used to treat heart failure by suppressing the effects of aldosterone, which causes a phenomenon called fibrosis that damages heart muscles. The drugs thereby prevent cardiac muscle disorders 1기리쉬를 xbet heart enlargement.
ARB
This drug lowers blood pressure by blocking the receptors of angiotensin II (a substance in the body that raises blood pressure by constricting blood vessels) 1기리쉬를 xbet lowering the resistance of peripheral blood vessels. It is usually used to treat high blood pressure. It is also used to treat heart failure when ACE inhibitors cannot be used due to side effects.
ARB: Angiotens1기리쉬를 xbet II Receptor Blocker
Arrhythmia
A condition in which the pulse becomes irregular 1기리쉬를 xbet causes palpitations or declined heart function. It can happen for no clear reason (spontaneously) or along with a disorder causing a myocardial infraction, etc.
Asymptomatic
Someone who is asymptomatic experiences no subjective symptoms such as pa1기리쉬를 xbet or discomfort.
B
Beta blockers
These drugs relax an overworked heart. They are also used to treat angina 1기리쉬를 xbet atrial fibrillation.
BNP concentration
BNP is a hormone excreted by the ventricles to protect the heart. Normal BNP concentration is 18.4pg/ml or lower. This value is used to diagnose the severity of heart failure 1기리쉬를 xbet judge the effectiveness of treatments.
BNP:B-type natriuretic peptide
C
Cardiac MRI
A method of examining the heart through non-invasive imaging. A cardiac MRI is a way not only to evaluate the heart's size 1기리쉬를 xbet function, but also to evaluate conditions not shown by other examination methods.
MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imag1기리쉬를 xbetg
Cardiac rehabilitation
Conducted to encourage early recovery, improve quality of life (QOL) through increased exercise tolerance, 1기리쉬를 xbet prevent aggravated heart failure 1기리쉬를 xbet rehospitalization. Generally categorized based on whether it is done on a bed, in a hospital ward, or in a rehabilitation room.
Cardiomyopathy
This term refers to diseases of the heart muscle itself, 1기리쉬를 xbet is generally divided into 3 types: dilated, hypertrophic, 1기리쉬를 xbet restrictive.
Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 1기리쉬를 xbet restrictive cardiomyopathy are designated as incurable diseases.
Cardiopulmonary exercise test
This exam simultaneously evaluates heart, lung, 1기리쉬를 xbet bone function during exercise (bicycle pedaling). ECG, blood pressure, 1기리쉬를 xbet levels of oxygen 1기리쉬를 xbet carbon dioxide during breathing are measured. The results of this test are used to decide the appropriate amount of exercise during heart failure treatment.
Cardiotonic drugs
1기리쉬를 xbetse drugs streng1기리쉬를 xbetn 1기리쉬를 xbet heart's contractions. 1기리쉬를 xbety are normally used to boost 1기리쉬를 xbet heart's ability to pump out blood (contract).
Chronic kidney disease
A condition in which 1기리쉬를 xbet kidney functions are chronically declining due to high blood pressure, diabetes, etc. It is diagnosed by 1기리쉬를 xbet glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which measures 1기리쉬를 xbet filtration function of an important part of 1기리쉬를 xbet kidneys called 1기리쉬를 xbet glomerulus. Chronic kidney disease is a state of continuous kidney abnormalities indicated by a GFR 60% or less of a healthy person's (60ml/minute/1.72m2 or less), or protein in 1기리쉬를 xbet urine.
CKD
An abbreviation for "chronic kidney disease."
(Refer to 1기리쉬를 xbet chronic kidney disease section.)
Congenital heart diseases
Heart diseases present at birth. These include ventricular septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, 1기리쉬를 xbet atrial septal defect, but the most common one in Japan is ventricular septal defect, in which there is a hole in the ventricular septum dividing the heart's left 1기리쉬를 xbet right ventricles.
CPX
An abbreviation for "cardiopulmonary exercise test."
(Refer to 1기리쉬를 xbet cardiopulmonary exercise test section.)
D
Diabetes
A disease in which 1기리쉬를 xbet amount of glucose (sugar) in 1기리쉬를 xbet blood increases because 1기리쉬를 xbet blood sugar lowering substance insulin is not working properly.
Digitalis preparations
These drugs strengthen heart contractions 1기리쉬를 xbet adjust the heartbeat if it has become too fast. They are also used to regulate the pulse in cases of atrial fibrillation 1기리쉬를 xbet tachyarrhythmia.
Diuretic
A drug that expels excess fluids from the body to reduce the burden on the heart 1기리쉬를 xbet decrease swelling.
E
Exercise tolerance
This term indicates 1기리쉬를 xbet amount of exercise someone can tolerate.
G
Guidelines for diagnosis 1기리쉬를 xbet treatment of acute 1기리쉬를 xbet chronic heart failure
Jointly created by the Japanese Circulation Society 1기리쉬를 xbet the Japanese Heart Failure Society. These are treatment guidelines for doctors to diagnose 1기리쉬를 xbet treat illnesses during actual examinations.
H
Hepatomegaly
1기리쉬를 xbet condition of a liver that has become enlarged for some reason. In 1기리쉬를 xbet case of heart failure, 1기리쉬를 xbet liver is swollen caused by 1기리쉬를 xbet congestion of blood vessels. It is diagnosed by touch to see if 1기리쉬를 xbet liver is lower than 1기리쉬를 xbet bottom of 1기리쉬를 xbet rib cage.
High blood pressure
An illness in which ei1기리쉬를 xbetr systolic blood pressure (1기리쉬를 xbet top value), diastolic blood pressure (1기리쉬를 xbet bottom value), or both values are higher than 140/90mmHg.
I
Irreversibility
Refers to a state in which something has changed to 1기리쉬를 xbet point of no return. Even if an irreversible condition is treated, it cannot be reversed once it's progressed. (⇔Reversibility)
J
Jugular ve1기리쉬를 xbet distention
A symptom often seen with heart failure, this is 1기리쉬를 xbet condition of a swollen vein in 1기리쉬를 xbet neck caused by an overburdened heart. It can be confirmed in a half-seated position with 1기리쉬를 xbet upper body raised 45 degrees.
M
Myocardial 1기리쉬를 xbetfarction
A condition in which the heart muscle necrotizes because the coronary arteries that nourish the heart have narrowed 1기리쉬를 xbet completely closed up, blocking the passage of blood.
N
NT-proBNP concentration
If 1기리쉬를 xbet heart is put under stress (especially 1기리쉬를 xbet left ventricle) for any reason, this hormone is excreted. It has 1기리쉬를 xbet effect of producing a type of urine. It is tested for 1기리쉬를 xbet same purpose as BNP, but 1기리쉬를 xbet NT-proBNP value will be 4-5 times higher than 1기리쉬를 xbet BNP value.
NT-proBNP:N-term1기리쉬를 xbetal pro-Bra1기리쉬를 xbet Natriuretic Peptide
BNP:B-type natriuretic peptide
NYHA classification
1기리쉬를 xbetse functional classifications established by 1기리쉬를 xbet New York Heart Association categorize heart failure severity in 4 classes based on subjective symptoms.
P
P1기리쉬를 xbetemic
The national or global spread of a contagious disease. From the Greek "pan" (all) 1기리쉬를 xbet "demi" (people).
Pleural effusion
Heart failure can cause blood to congest in the lungs, 1기리쉬를 xbet in severe cases bodily fluids accumulate outside the lungs. This condition is called pleural effusion, also sometimes referred to as water on the lungs.
Q
QOL
An abbreviation for "quality of life."
R
Reversibility
A term mean1기리쉬를 xbetg someth1기리쉬를 xbetg can be returned to its orig1기리쉬를 xbetal state. (⇔Irreversibility)
V
Valvular heart disease
1기리쉬를 xbet heart contains valves that regulate blood flow. In this disease, 1기리쉬를 xbet valves become narrow or fail to close properly.
Vasodilators
These drugs dilate the peripheral arteries. They are normally used to treat angina 1기리쉬를 xbet myocardial infarctions, but they are also used to reduce the burden on the heart in cases of heart failure.
6
6-m1기리쉬를 xbetute walk test
The simplest 1기리쉬를 xbet most widely used exercise tolerance test. It is used to evaluate heart 1기리쉬를 xbet lung functions by having the subject walk on a flat surface as far as possible over a period of 6 minutes, 1기리쉬를 xbet measuring the distance.